By using the test score of the least able student in a classroom as the objective function (Rawlsian optimum), this paper examines the implications on teachers' incentives and compares them with the objective that uses the average test score of all the students in a classroom (Utilitarian optimum). Based on Barlevy and Neal (2012), we first propose a modified tournament-based incentive payment scheme and show that this is still incentive-compatible and can induce teachers to allocate Rawlsian so